Spot on! They’re great for recording explosions, or for comedians with no respect for electronics to smash against their knee while laughing. They’ve long had the reputation of being tough. (Not that condensers can’t be hardcore motherf*ckers)
Yep, which again is paralleled in photography by a slow lens with a tight aperture forcing you to increase ISO, in turn bringing more noise during the amplification stage.
But now for some recommendations!
I don’t think a price-is-no-object option would be very helpful, so I’ll try to suggest things that would make sense in a $300-ish setup.
Microphones:
Though the Let’s Play YouTubers have stained its name, Blue Microphones’ Yeti is actually pretty good.
The AT2020 from Audio Technica is a legendary bang-for-buck microphone. AFAICT it’s used by Jock Willink on his podcast, though without a pop filter. He needs a damn pop filter.
And of course, the previously mentioned podcaster from Røde. I haven’t tried it myself, but people seem to like it, and its Røde, so it at least won’t suck.
Interfaces:
Again, as with photography, lenses are forever, and cameras, once they get to a certain point, aren’t quite as important anymore as long as they do what you need them to. Here, you basically just need an XLR input, and possibly a headphone output that gives you live monitoring of the microphone (lets you hear yourself). Most people hate it at first, but get used to it, and it’s amazing.
A Focusrite Scarlett Solo would work. It’s a classic entry-level suggestion.
Native Instruments Komplete Audio 1 should work well, too.
Other things:
Stuff like shock mount, boom arm (arm, not pole), pop filter, XLR cable and quarter-inch adaptor for your headphones. Literally whatever. It’s mostly the same, just don’t pick the way cheapest option. I would first check with a local music or audio shop to see if they have simple generic alternatives for this stuff. Second cheapest option should work fine.
I know sE Electronics had a starter kit named X1-something, but I can’t find it available currently. It comes with a pop-filter, shock mount, microphone and XLR cable.