Remote control KVM with ESPHome, why not work?

I have never used ESPHome so I’m not sure what you’re trying to do in the HID port. Is it an Arduino like in the post you linked?

When I tried to use tinyusb via the Adafruit library in Arduino IDE, I had to be very careful to make it a pure HID connection.

#include "Adafruit_TinyUSB.h"
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_NeoKey_1x4.h>

#define MY_USB_VID          0x239A   // Adafruit VID
#define MY_USB_PID          0x8115   // TRRS Trinkey PID
#define MY_USB_MANUFACTURER "Custom"
#define MY_USB_PRODUCT      "TRRS Trinkey Keyboard"
#define MY_USB_SERIAL       "TRRSHID0002"

uint8_t const desc_hid_report[] = {
  TUD_HID_REPORT_DESC_KEYBOARD()
};

Adafruit_USBD_HID usb_hid;

…

void setup() {
  Wire.begin();

  if (!neokey.begin(NEOKEY_ADDR)) {
    while (1) {
      delay(500);
    }
  }

  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    neokey.pixels.setPixelColor(i, COLOR_BOOT);
  }
  neokey.pixels.show();
  delay(300);
  refreshIdlePixels();

  TinyUSBDevice.setID(MY_USB_VID, MY_USB_PID);
  TinyUSBDevice.setManufacturerDescriptor(MY_USB_MANUFACTURER);
  TinyUSBDevice.setProductDescriptor(MY_USB_PRODUCT);
  TinyUSBDevice.setSerialDescriptor(MY_USB_SERIAL);

  TinyUSBDevice.clearConfiguration();

  usb_hid.setPollInterval(2);
  usb_hid.setBootProtocol(HID_ITF_PROTOCOL_KEYBOARD);
  usb_hid.setReportDescriptor(desc_hid_report, sizeof(desc_hid_report));
  usb_hid.setStringDescriptor(MY_USB_PRODUCT);
  usb_hid.begin();

  TinyUSBDevice.detach();
  delay(500);
  TinyUSBDevice.attach();
}