So I installed linux mint (17.3) the other day and now i can't seem to get my headphones or even microphone working. I only managed to get sound out of my monitor when it was connected with an hdmi cable.
OK. Try this: cat /proc/asound/cards It should show all your audio connectors. Do you see your headphone jack? If this output is empty, ALSA cannot find your headphone jack and therefore no headphone connected to it.
How old is your PC? - Linux Mint uses a relatively old kernel (= 3.13 - current stable version is 4.5.3) and builds on top of Ubuntu 14.04 (O.o WTF?!) - which maybe has no driver support for your connector.
You can upgrade the kernel from the updates gui (view > linux kernels), no need to jump on another distro. If you installed the proprietery graphics drivers, make sure to uninstall them before you upgrade the kernel, then reinstall later
Allright, then try this: rename the "Pulse" folder in /yourhome/.config folder to "pulsebk", then reboot (reveal hidden files & folders in the file manager with ctrl-h)
Aye, the idea was if the kernel upgrade didn't resolve the issue then the old config should be removed as well if it's causing issues with the new drivers.
Since I have been distro-hopping, sound doesn't work in most distros out of the box for me. I have 3 sound cards in addition to 2 inbuilt. What I end up doing is launch some long (1 hour) youtube-video while troubleshooting.
Launch it by just typing: pavucontrol In a terminal. It probably mentions CubeUtils in the GUI-app. Then switch output to the soundcard I want. If that doesn't solve it, I run:
alsamixer In terminal
Select my soundcard (F6). make sure the channel isn't muted (big MM). If it is, navigate to the channel with arrow-keys and press M to unmute.
Those 2 steps has solved all my sound problems so far in 4 different distros.