How much of a budget do you have?
For $500, better value on ebay, a used 20xx or 16xx Nvidia GPU for $150 and then the rest on a decent AM4 or Gen 9-11 system. New you are almost guaranteed an AM4 5600 GT system with no dedicated GPU. Also on the table is an RX 6600 if you are not required to go Nvidia.
For $800, a new 5700X system with a 3060 is possible if you cut a couple of corners, or a 7600 XT.
For $1200, we can reach AM5 7900 levels with 7800 XT / 4070, especially if you live near a Microcenter and can take advantage of their deals.
For $1500 now we have access to top tier CPUs and mid tier GPUs (9950X, 4070 Ti / 7900 XT)
For $2000 we have maxed consumer CPUs and are heading into HEDT territory. 4080s, X3D, EPYCs, Threadrippers, and so on.
For $2500 we max consumer CPUs and getting close to a 4090. 3090s are possible here.
$3000+, welcome to Threadripper land and 4090.
[Edit]With access to a proper WS, here are some rough sketches on what is available in the US. I will list three options, but even option #1 is better than nothing.
$450 - Cheapest quality possible
This one is still better than Haswell, and would make a good office machine. AM4 is still kicking although it is starting to turn blue in the face now. The price of $460 can definitely be squeezed below $400 if choosing less RAM, storage, and a Bronze PSU wattage. Not really worth it, but you could. If you need a GPU, buy one cheap on eBay.
Also including three worthy upgrades at the end for a decent $800 build:
PCPartPicker Part List
$ 1 350 - Solid mid tier build
Again, I have gone sort-of barebones here. The $150 motherboard is quite honestly adequate if you want to save a buck or two. This is better than the $400 in two aspects; a vastly improved GPU and a much better CPU with twice the cores from above. Also, parts were released a mere 18 months ago, and the 7900 is bound to drop in price very soon. This could most probably also house a 9900X once it becomes available. The LiveMixer motherboard does look like someone took a bucket of orange pastel paint and vomited all over the motherboard, but the price is very competitive.
PCPartPicker Part List
$2 600 - High end rig
Last but not least, here is what a great consumer rig looks like in August 2024. You could go another few hundred bucks, but this is already roughly twice the money for only ~75% more performance, going further rapidly hits the wall of diminishing returns.
Also, the $649 is speculative at this point in time. I am not affiliated to AMD and is therefore going to guess at $649 based on what the 7950X cost at launch ($699) and given the current market prices. This is an example and starting point for anyone else looking for a similar build. Not a final build.
PCPartPicker Part List
I hope the above builds give you a better understanding on what you can achieve and at which price points. Have a great weekend! 