How do I replace an HDD in a RAID 1 & ensure all of the data is still there?
The setup is a 2x 12TB in a RAID 1 setup. Currently, it has a 7200RPM & 5400RPM, and I’m planning on replacing the 5400RPM with another 7200RPM.
btrfs filesystem show /mnt/whateveryourRAIDnameischeck the devid you are removing from the array.
btrfs replace start thedevidfromabove /dev/thenewdisk /mnt/whateveryourRAIDnameisAs usual with BTRFS, you can monitor the progress by replacing start with status and see current progress
2 Likes
Oh! This is online with what I found here.
I found some info that were old, so i wasn’t sure if there were modern ones, and the article I linked didn’t have a timestamp.
Filesystems are very conservative and syntax basically never changes. You can dig up 20 year old ZFS commands and they still work today. BTRFS isn’t that old, but follows the “conventions” 
btrfs command has very good info/output on available options and flags if you provide only a partial command. So digging through man pages is rarely needed. A fact I really like about BTRFS. Very beginner-friendly.
I hope you’re array is doing fine. You can also just add the new disk and remove the old disk after that if you don’t like the replace mechanics.
Would I need to fix this first?
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sda1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 163871, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 1
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sdb1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 164940, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 2
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sda1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 163870, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 1
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sdb1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 164939, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 2
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sda1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 163869, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 1
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sdb1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 164938, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 2
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sda1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 163868, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 1
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS error (device sdb1): bdev /dev/sdb1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 164937, gen 0
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: btrfs\_dev\_stat\_inc\_and\_print: 6 callbacks suppressed
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: BTRFS warning (device sdb1): csum failed root 263 ino 7054 off 6200619008 csum 0xe3ad2215 expected csum 0xa8640e51 mirror 2
May 11 06:56:34 skarletsky kernel: btrfs\_print\_data\_csum\_error: 6 callbacks suppressed
That is quite a bit. Lots of checksum errors and corrupted stuff. I’ve never done BTRFS recovery, so can’t help with that.
But replacing one side of the mirror also removed the ability to correct any errors. I’d try to fix that corruption before replacing anything. It also mirrors all the corruption as well.
That looks like both devices are failing!
Did both fail at the (roughly) same time?
I would start with booting to a recovery OS (or at least unmount the RAID1 file system) and checking whether the PC is stable itself (e.g. memory check). Then I’d probably make a new filesystem and copy everything I still need over and then see if one of those disks are still useable.
Could you post smart data of the disks? smartctl -x /dev/sda
2 Likes
IronWolf Pro 12TB (purchased last year)
$ sudo smartctl -x /dev/sda
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.11.0-25-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate IronWolf
Device Model: ST12000VN0008-2YS101
Serial Number: ZRT1FZST
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0e89fd96a
Firmware Version: SC60
User Capacity: 12,000,138,625,024 bytes [12.0 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is: ACS-4 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.3, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Tue May 13 23:48:27 2025 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is: Unavailable
APM feature is: Unavailable
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is: Enabled
DSN feature is: Disabled
ATA Security is: Disabled, frozen [SEC2]
Write SCT (Get) Feature Control Command failed: scsi error unsupported field in scsi command
Wt Cache Reorder: Unknown (SCT Feature Control command failed)
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 567) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: (1060) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x50bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-- 081 064 044 - 122783126
3 Spin_Up_Time PO---- 092 092 000 - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 020 - 15
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 100 100 010 - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate POSR-- 076 060 045 - 36333693
9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 092 092 000 - 7078
10 Spin_Retry_Count PO--C- 100 100 097 - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 020 - 15
18 Head_Health PO-R-- 100 100 050 - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
188 Command_Timeout -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel -O---K 071 064 000 - 29 (Min/Max 27/29)
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 10
193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 088 088 000 - 25042
194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 029 040 000 - 29 (0 20 0 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--C- 100 100 000 - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----C- 100 100 000 - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -OSRCK 200 200 000 - 0
200 Pressure_Limit PO---K 100 100 001 - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours ------ 100 100 000 - 6229h+13m+51.644s
241 Total_LBAs_Written ------ 100 253 000 - 21436202872
242 Total_LBAs_Read ------ 100 253 000 - 16295027278
||||||_ K auto-keep
|||||__ C event count
||||___ R error rate
|||____ S speed/performance
||_____ O updated online
|______ P prefailure warning
General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address Access R/W Size Description
0x00 GPL,SL R/O 1 Log Directory
0x01 SL R/O 1 Summary SMART error log
0x02 SL R/O 5 Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03 GPL R/O 5 Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x04 GPL R/O 256 Device Statistics log
0x04 SL R/O 8 Device Statistics log
0x06 SL R/O 1 SMART self-test log
0x07 GPL R/O 1 Extended self-test log
0x08 GPL R/O 2 Power Conditions log
0x09 SL R/W 1 Selective self-test log
0x0a GPL R/W 8 Device Statistics Notification
0x0c GPL R/O 2048 Pending Defects log
0x10 GPL R/O 1 NCQ Command Error log
0x11 GPL R/O 1 SATA Phy Event Counters log
0x13 GPL R/O 1 SATA NCQ Send and Receive log
0x21 GPL R/O 1 Write stream error log
0x22 GPL R/O 1 Read stream error log
0x24 GPL R/O 768 Current Device Internal Status Data log
0x2f GPL R/O 1 Set Sector Configuration
0x30 GPL,SL R/O 9 IDENTIFY DEVICE data log
0x80-0x9f GPL,SL R/W 16 Host vendor specific log
0xa1 GPL,SL VS 160 Device vendor specific log
0xa2 GPL VS 16320 Device vendor specific log
0xa4 GPL,SL VS 160 Device vendor specific log
0xa6 GPL VS 192 Device vendor specific log
0xa8-0xa9 GPL,SL VS 136 Device vendor specific log
0xab GPL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xad GPL VS 16 Device vendor specific log
0xb1 GPL,SL VS 160 Device vendor specific log
0xb6 GPL VS 1920 Device vendor specific log
0xbe-0xbf GPL VS 65535 Device vendor specific log
0xc1 GPL,SL VS 8 Device vendor specific log
0xc3 GPL,SL VS 24 Device vendor specific log
0xc6 GPL VS 5184 Device vendor specific log
0xc7 GPL,SL VS 8 Device vendor specific log
0xc9 GPL,SL VS 8 Device vendor specific log
0xca GPL,SL VS 16 Device vendor specific log
0xcd GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xce GPL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xcf GPL VS 512 Device vendor specific log
0xd1 GPL VS 656 Device vendor specific log
0xd2 GPL VS 10256 Device vendor specific log
0xd4 GPL VS 2048 Device vendor specific log
0xda GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xe0 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Command/Status
0xe1 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Data Transfer
SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (5 sectors)
No Errors Logged
SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
SCT Status Version: 3
SCT Version (vendor specific): 522 (0x020a)
Device State: Active (0)
Current Temperature: 29 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature: 26/29 Celsius
Lifetime Min/Max Temperature: 20/51 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count: 0/1
SMART Status: 0xc24f (PASSED)
Vendor specific:
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
SCT Temperature History Version: 2
Temperature Sampling Period: 4 minutes
Temperature Logging Interval: 59 minutes
Min/Max recommended Temperature: 10/25 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit: 5/70 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index): 128 (12)
Index Estimated Time Temperature Celsius
13 2025-05-08 18:10 28 *********
... ..( 2 skipped). .. *********
16 2025-05-08 21:07 28 *********
17 2025-05-08 22:06 29 **********
18 2025-05-08 23:05 29 **********
19 2025-05-09 00:04 29 **********
20 2025-05-09 01:03 28 *********
... ..( 16 skipped). .. *********
37 2025-05-09 17:46 28 *********
38 2025-05-09 18:45 29 **********
39 2025-05-09 19:44 29 **********
40 2025-05-09 20:43 28 *********
... ..( 17 skipped). .. *********
58 2025-05-10 14:25 28 *********
59 2025-05-10 15:24 29 **********
60 2025-05-10 16:23 29 **********
61 2025-05-10 17:22 29 **********
62 2025-05-10 18:21 28 *********
... ..( 2 skipped). .. *********
65 2025-05-10 21:18 28 *********
66 2025-05-10 22:17 29 **********
... ..( 3 skipped). .. **********
70 2025-05-11 02:13 29 **********
71 2025-05-11 03:12 28 *********
72 2025-05-11 04:11 29 **********
73 2025-05-11 05:10 28 *********
74 2025-05-11 06:09 28 *********
75 2025-05-11 07:08 26 *******
76 2025-05-11 08:07 26 *******
77 2025-05-11 09:06 27 ********
78 2025-05-11 10:05 32 *************
79 2025-05-11 11:04 32 *************
80 2025-05-11 12:03 29 **********
81 2025-05-11 13:02 29 **********
82 2025-05-11 14:01 32 *************
83 2025-05-11 15:00 33 **************
84 2025-05-11 15:59 32 *************
85 2025-05-11 16:58 28 *********
... ..( 7 skipped). .. *********
93 2025-05-12 00:50 28 *********
94 2025-05-12 01:49 27 ********
... ..( 5 skipped). .. ********
100 2025-05-12 07:43 27 ********
101 2025-05-12 08:42 28 *********
102 2025-05-12 09:41 28 *********
103 2025-05-12 10:40 28 *********
104 2025-05-12 11:39 27 ********
105 2025-05-12 12:38 27 ********
106 2025-05-12 13:37 28 *********
... ..( 2 skipped). .. *********
109 2025-05-12 16:34 28 *********
110 2025-05-12 17:33 27 ********
111 2025-05-12 18:32 27 ********
112 2025-05-12 19:31 27 ********
113 2025-05-12 20:30 28 *********
... ..( 3 skipped). .. *********
117 2025-05-13 00:26 28 *********
118 2025-05-13 01:25 27 ********
119 2025-05-13 02:24 27 ********
120 2025-05-13 03:23 27 ********
121 2025-05-13 04:22 28 *********
... ..( 4 skipped). .. *********
126 2025-05-13 09:17 28 *********
127 2025-05-13 10:16 27 ********
0 2025-05-13 11:15 28 *********
1 2025-05-13 12:14 28 *********
2 2025-05-13 13:13 27 ********
... ..( 4 skipped). .. ********
7 2025-05-13 18:08 27 ********
8 2025-05-13 19:07 28 *********
9 2025-05-13 20:06 28 *********
10 2025-05-13 21:05 28 *********
11 2025-05-13 22:04 ? -
12 2025-05-13 23:03 26 *******
SCT Error Recovery Control:
Read: 70 (7.0 seconds)
Write: 70 (7.0 seconds)
Device Statistics (GP Log 0x04)
Page Offset Size Value Flags Description
0x01 ===== = = === == General Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x01 0x008 4 15 --- Lifetime Power-On Resets
0x01 0x010 4 7078 --- Power-on Hours
0x01 0x018 6 21434842880 --- Logical Sectors Written
0x01 0x020 6 37859483 --- Number of Write Commands
0x01 0x028 6 16294945236 --- Logical Sectors Read
0x01 0x030 6 34258817 --- Number of Read Commands
0x01 0x038 6 - --- Date and Time TimeStamp
0x03 ===== = = === == Rotating Media Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x03 0x008 4 7076 --- Spindle Motor Power-on Hours
0x03 0x010 4 6228 --- Head Flying Hours
0x03 0x018 4 25042 --- Head Load Events
0x03 0x020 4 0 --- Number of Reallocated Logical Sectors
0x03 0x028 4 0 --- Read Recovery Attempts
0x03 0x030 4 0 --- Number of Mechanical Start Failures
0x03 0x038 4 0 --- Number of Realloc. Candidate Logical Sectors
0x03 0x040 4 10 --- Number of High Priority Unload Events
0x04 ===== = = === == General Errors Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x04 0x008 4 0 --- Number of Reported Uncorrectable Errors
0x04 0x010 4 0 --- Resets Between Cmd Acceptance and Completion
0x04 0x018 4 0 -D- Physical Element Status Changed
0x05 ===== = = === == Temperature Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x05 0x008 1 29 --- Current Temperature
0x05 0x010 1 27 --- Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x018 1 27 --- Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x020 1 36 --- Highest Temperature
0x05 0x028 1 25 --- Lowest Temperature
0x05 0x030 1 33 --- Highest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x038 1 27 --- Lowest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x040 1 31 --- Highest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x048 1 27 --- Lowest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x050 4 0 --- Time in Over-Temperature
0x05 0x058 1 70 --- Specified Maximum Operating Temperature
0x05 0x060 4 0 --- Time in Under-Temperature
0x05 0x068 1 5 --- Specified Minimum Operating Temperature
0x06 ===== = = === == Transport Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x06 0x008 4 140 --- Number of Hardware Resets
0x06 0x010 4 57 --- Number of ASR Events
0x06 0x018 4 0 --- Number of Interface CRC Errors
0xff ===== = = === == Vendor Specific Statistics (rev 1) ==
0xff 0x008 7 0 --- Vendor Specific
0xff 0x010 7 0 --- Vendor Specific
0xff 0x018 7 0 --- Vendor Specific
|||_ C monitored condition met
||__ D supports DSN
|___ N normalized value
Pending Defects log (GP Log 0x0c)
No Defects Logged
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID Size Value Description
0x000a 2 6 Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x0001 2 0 Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0003 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0006 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
Seagate FARM log (GP Log 0xa6) supported [try: -l farm]
WD Red Plus 12TB (purchased around 3-5 years ago)
$ sudo smartctl -x /dev/sde
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.11.0-25-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: WDC WD120EFAX-68UNTN0
Serial Number: 5PGA8LRD
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 291c4ac02
Firmware Version: 81.00A81
User Capacity: 12,000,138,625,024 bytes [12.0 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Tue May 13 23:49:38 2025 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is: Unavailable
APM level is: 164 (intermediate level without standby)
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is: Enabled
DSN feature is: Unavailable
ATA Security is: Disabled, frozen [SEC2]
Wt Cache Reorder: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x80) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 87) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: (1284) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate PO-R-- 100 100 016 - 0
2 Throughput_Performance --S--- 126 126 054 - 116
3 Spin_Up_Time POS--- 234 234 024 - 326 (Average 236)
4 Start_Stop_Count -O--C- 100 100 000 - 113
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 100 100 005 - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate -O-R-- 100 100 067 - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance --S--- 140 140 020 - 15
9 Power_On_Hours -O--C- 095 095 000 - 41862
10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--C- 100 100 060 - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 81
22 Unknown_Attribute PO---K 100 100 025 - 100
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 072 072 000 - 33673
193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--C- 072 072 000 - 33673
194 Temperature_Celsius -O---- 216 216 000 - 30 (Min/Max 17/48)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector -O---K 100 100 000 - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable ---R-- 100 100 000 - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O-R-- 200 200 000 - 12
||||||_ K auto-keep
|||||__ C event count
||||___ R error rate
|||____ S speed/performance
||_____ O updated online
|______ P prefailure warning
General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address Access R/W Size Description
0x00 GPL,SL R/O 1 Log Directory
0x01 SL R/O 1 Summary SMART error log
0x02 SL R/O 1 Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03 GPL R/O 1 Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x04 GPL R/O 256 Device Statistics log
0x04 SL R/O 255 Device Statistics log
0x06 SL R/O 1 SMART self-test log
0x07 GPL R/O 1 Extended self-test log
0x08 GPL R/O 2 Power Conditions log
0x09 SL R/W 1 Selective self-test log
0x0c GPL R/O 5501 Pending Defects log
0x10 GPL R/O 1 NCQ Command Error log
0x11 GPL R/O 1 SATA Phy Event Counters log
0x12 GPL R/O 1 SATA NCQ Non-Data log
0x13 GPL R/O 1 SATA NCQ Send and Receive log
0x15 GPL R/W 1 Rebuild Assist log
0x21 GPL R/O 1 Write stream error log
0x22 GPL R/O 1 Read stream error log
0x24 GPL R/O 256 Current Device Internal Status Data log
0x25 GPL R/O 256 Saved Device Internal Status Data log
0x30 GPL,SL R/O 9 IDENTIFY DEVICE data log
0x80-0x9f GPL,SL R/W 16 Host vendor specific log
0xe0 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Command/Status
0xe1 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Data Transfer
SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
Device Error Count: 12 (device log contains only the most recent 4 errors)
CR = Command Register
FEATR = Features Register
COUNT = Count (was: Sector Count) Register
LBA_48 = Upper bytes of LBA High/Mid/Low Registers ] ATA-8
LH = LBA High (was: Cylinder High) Register ] LBA
LM = LBA Mid (was: Cylinder Low) Register ] Register
LL = LBA Low (was: Sector Number) Register ]
DV = Device (was: Device/Head) Register
DC = Device Control Register
ER = Error register
ST = Status register
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 12 [3] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 41002 hours (1708 days + 10 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC
-- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --
84 -- 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x00000000 = 0
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- --------------------
60 00 20 00 70 00 01 08 4a 6c a0 40 08 19d+01:34:34.276 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 b0 00 01 08 4a 4d a0 40 08 19d+01:34:34.271 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 98 00 00 73 33 7d c0 40 08 19d+01:34:34.266 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 a8 00 01 08 47 d7 40 40 08 19d+01:34:34.257 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 48 00 00 73 21 68 20 40 08 19d+01:34:34.246 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 11 [2] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 41002 hours (1708 days + 10 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC
-- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --
84 -- 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x00000000 = 0
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- --------------------
60 00 20 00 e8 00 00 73 32 c3 80 40 08 19d+01:34:33.675 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 e0 00 00 73 33 34 c0 40 08 19d+01:34:33.674 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 28 00 00 81 6f 58 20 40 08 19d+01:34:33.671 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 90 00 01 08 5f 35 20 40 08 19d+01:34:33.667 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 d0 00 01 08 4e 72 20 40 08 19d+01:34:33.659 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 10 [1] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 41002 hours (1708 days + 10 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC
-- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --
84 -- 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x00000000 = 0
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- --------------------
60 00 20 00 b8 00 01 08 60 3e 00 40 08 19d+01:34:13.677 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 b0 00 00 81 75 4c 80 40 08 19d+01:34:13.664 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 a8 00 00 81 7b 38 c0 40 08 19d+01:34:13.664 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 a0 00 00 81 7b 38 a0 40 08 19d+01:34:13.653 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 98 00 00 00 04 40 60 40 08 19d+01:34:13.649 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 9 [0] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 41002 hours (1708 days + 10 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC
-- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --
84 -- 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x00000000 = 0
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- --------------------
60 00 20 00 60 00 01 08 4b 6e 80 40 08 19d+01:34:12.923 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 68 00 01 08 4b 6e a0 40 08 19d+01:34:12.912 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 58 00 00 73 3f 81 00 40 08 19d+01:34:12.904 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 30 00 00 81 68 4d 40 40 08 19d+01:34:12.901 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 20 00 28 00 00 81 6a de c0 40 08 19d+01:34:12.895 READ FPDMA QUEUED
SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
SCT Status Version: 3
SCT Version (vendor specific): 256 (0x0100)
Device State: Active (0)
Current Temperature: 30 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature: 28/30 Celsius
Lifetime Min/Max Temperature: 17/48 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count: 0/0
SCT Temperature History Version: 2
Temperature Sampling Period: 1 minute
Temperature Logging Interval: 1 minute
Min/Max recommended Temperature: 0/65 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit: -40/70 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index): 128 (15)
Index Estimated Time Temperature Celsius
16 2025-05-13 21:42 30 ***********
... ..(109 skipped). .. ***********
126 2025-05-13 23:32 30 ***********
127 2025-05-13 23:33 28 *********
... ..( 4 skipped). .. *********
4 2025-05-13 23:38 28 *********
5 2025-05-13 23:39 29 **********
... ..( 5 skipped). .. **********
11 2025-05-13 23:45 29 **********
12 2025-05-13 23:46 30 ***********
... ..( 2 skipped). .. ***********
15 2025-05-13 23:49 30 ***********
SCT Error Recovery Control:
Read: 70 (7.0 seconds)
Write: 70 (7.0 seconds)
Device Statistics (GP Log 0x04)
Page Offset Size Value Flags Description
0x01 ===== = = === == General Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x01 0x008 4 81 --- Lifetime Power-On Resets
0x01 0x010 4 41862 --- Power-on Hours
0x01 0x018 6 86743233227 --- Logical Sectors Written
0x01 0x020 6 116957826 --- Number of Write Commands
0x01 0x028 6 86539724576 --- Logical Sectors Read
0x01 0x030 6 280523317 --- Number of Read Commands
0x01 0x038 6 150706293100 --- Date and Time TimeStamp
0x03 ===== = = === == Rotating Media Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x03 0x008 4 33674 --- Spindle Motor Power-on Hours
0x03 0x010 4 33674 --- Head Flying Hours
0x03 0x018 4 33673 --- Head Load Events
0x03 0x020 4 0 --- Number of Reallocated Logical Sectors
0x03 0x028 4 0 --- Read Recovery Attempts
0x03 0x030 4 0 --- Number of Mechanical Start Failures
0x04 ===== = = === == General Errors Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x04 0x008 4 0 --- Number of Reported Uncorrectable Errors
0x04 0x010 4 12 --- Resets Between Cmd Acceptance and Completion
0x05 ===== = = === == Temperature Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x05 0x008 1 30 --- Current Temperature
0x05 0x010 1 29 N-- Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x018 1 30 N-- Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x020 1 48 --- Highest Temperature
0x05 0x028 1 17 --- Lowest Temperature
0x05 0x030 1 46 N-- Highest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x038 1 24 N-- Lowest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05 0x040 1 45 N-- Highest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x048 1 25 N-- Lowest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05 0x050 4 0 --- Time in Over-Temperature
0x05 0x058 1 65 --- Specified Maximum Operating Temperature
0x05 0x060 4 0 --- Time in Under-Temperature
0x05 0x068 1 0 --- Specified Minimum Operating Temperature
0x06 ===== = = === == Transport Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x06 0x008 4 569 --- Number of Hardware Resets
0x06 0x010 4 131 --- Number of ASR Events
0x06 0x018 4 12 --- Number of Interface CRC Errors
0xff ===== = = === == Vendor Specific Statistics (rev 1) ==
|||_ C monitored condition met
||__ D supports DSN
|___ N normalized value
Pending Defects log (GP Log 0x0c)
No Defects Logged
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID Size Value Description
0x0001 2 0 Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0002 2 0 R_ERR response for data FIS
0x0003 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0005 2 0 R_ERR response for non-data FIS
0x0006 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
0x0008 2 0 Device-to-host non-data FIS retries
0x0009 2 7 Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy
0x000a 2 6 Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x000b 2 0 CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
0x000d 2 0 Non-CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
I’m gonna replace the Red Plus with a Red Pro to “better match” my IronWolf Pro. Red Plus was bought when I was still using a Pi for my Nextcloud
Tried to straight up just replace the drive:
sudo btrfs replace start 1 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/disks/disk-12TB/
ERROR: target device smaller than source device (required 12000137555968 bytes)
New drive:
$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.11.0-25-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: WDC WD122KFBX-68CCHN0
Serial Number: WD-B007HJHD
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 26c001af8
Firmware Version: 83.00A83
User Capacity: 12,000,138,625,024 bytes [12.0 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is: ACS-4 published, ANSI INCITS 529-2018
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed May 14 07:05:22 2025 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
Old drive:
$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sde
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.11.0-25-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: WDC WD120EFAX-68UNTN0
Serial Number: 5PGA8LRD
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 291c4ac02
Firmware Version: 81.00A81
User Capacity: 12,000,138,625,024 bytes [12.0 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Wed May 14 07:05:39 2025 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled