Given the fact that we have no idea where you live, we can't really build a system for you, as many countries simply don't have the same or equivalent parts as the US does, and the US occassionally also doesn't have the same brands (we don't have Club3D over here...)
CPU and Cooling: I would say that if you plan on upgrading later, to buy the Phenom II now. It is still pretty good with games, especially since most of them don't really tax the CPU nearly as much as the GPU, and you can overclock it all to hell. If you can find it, try to get something liquid cooling, preferably a 240mm radiator or larger for adequate headroom when you upgrade next (the Seidon 240 is really cheap and performs adequately well even against the more expensive Corsair H100i.)
Graphics Card: The Radeon 7950 is an excellent card, but if you live in a region where you can get a hold of a Club3D card, you might be interested in the Radeon 7870 Joker edition, which is a Radeon 7870 XT based on the newer Tahiti LE platform.
Case: As far as cases go, it really does depend on where you live, as to what I would suggest. If you can source one, the NZXT Source 220 is an excellent case for the money, even if it doesn't have grommets for the motherboard cable management cutouts. Alternately, if you can't find one of those, then you are probably in a location where the Fractal cases are really inexpensive, in which case I would recommend the Fractal Design 3000 or the Fractal Arc Midi R2. The Arc Midi gives you just enormous amounts of control and really clever mounting systems in the roof for liquid cooling.
Motherboards: I like the ASRock Extreme9 990FX motherboard, unless you can get a really good deal on their Fatal1ty 990FX one. Both are excellent for the money, and would give you lots of overclocking room.
HDD and SSD: A-data is an excellent brand and most of their products are a really good deal, depending on when and where you are buying them, alternately, you might consider the Kingston Hyper X 3K series or the OCZ Vertex 3 or 4 series, as they are all quality drives of varying prices. Within all of those brands, you will likely find an SSD that is of equivalent performance at a good deal. In all actuality, you should hardly find a use for an SSD of more than 128 GB of storage space, but if you can trim down the amount of stuff that you wish to have on the SSD (they don't really help gameplay besides reducing the duration of loading times on some games) then an 80 GB or 64 GB drive will suffice. As for the HDD, there is hardly an adequate enough price difference between a 500 GB HDD and a 1 TB one to warrant not just buying the larger option. Just about all of the HDD brands are interchangeable for reliability and whatnot. And since it isn't what your OS is running from, as long as you get a 7200 RPM drive, you should have no major issues with transfer rates bogging you down. Some people stress the importance of the larger cache size of the more expensive drives, and I would have to agree that a 64 MB cache is superior if it can be had for a reasonable price, but the marginal performance increase is not worth $20.
RAM: The all important quest for good RAM... In all actuality you stop really seeing a noticable performance increase from the faster RAM after you top 1866 MHz RAM. But in my opinion, if your motherboard can handle overclocking to higher rates, and you can find the RAM for about the same price, I don't see why you shouldn't go ahead and get the faster RAM. In the case I'm talking about, you can usually find some Patriot Viper 3 RAM at 2133 MHz for the exact same price as its 1866 MHZ counterpart in a different color. The Viper 3 series from Patriot will only overclock with any stability to 2400 MHz, but you honestly will see no improvement until you've gone to, like, 2800+ MHz. So I don't see the need to bother past that unless you have an APU, in which case I also don't see why you would spend that much money on fast RAM when you could have gotten a better processor and some dedicated graphics. But I digress. Patriot Viper 3 is a good choice, A-data Gamer is a good choice, as are the Kingston HyperX lineup (although they don't overclock well) and the Corsair lineup.