I want to learn coding languages, but don't know where to start.
I'm 17 years old and currently studying "Media & Communications" in a College/High School in Norway. We don't get educated in Software development, But I want to learn it on my own. So I need help for where to start, and I have a few questions.
Which programming languages are most common, and most important?
I'm currently on a trial for Lynda.com, does anyone have any experiences with the learning platform?
Any other sources of information is highly appreciated.
The only sort of coding I've learned is basic HTML5 and CSS3.
Another option is Ruby or Java. I don't personally recommend attempting to tackle C++ this early though. Also, don't confine yourself to one site; branch out and read a variety of books and tutorials to make sure that you soak up as much information as you can and fill any gaps another tutorial may have. As you seem to have started with Python I recommend this book/tutorial: http://learnpythonthehardway.org/ (It is free to read online)
There is also a Ruby version by the same author: http://ruby.learncodethehardway.org/
I'm still pretty new on the road to programming myself. I started about a year about with PHP and spent a few months readying books and practicing. I mainly went with PHP due to my current job and the fact I already knew HTML. It makes it easy to pull from a database and make good looking reports.
I started on Python a few months back and have enjoyed it. I have found it pretty easy to learn and there's loads of stuff you can do with.
Python is what I plan on sticking with for a good while. It is used in many different applications and seems to be a very useful tool to have in the belt.
I started with O'reilly 'Learning Python' and then went to O'reilly Programming Python. Both are large books but I found them easy to following.
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You can maybe try learning Assembly, I mean its the base of all computing. And coming from someone who doesn't refer to myself as a programmer, I must say it is incredibly useful and interesting. If you can learn the basics, then you really understand how hardware coexists with software. It can get pretty brutal once you get into the depths of Assembly, but its worth a shot.
I back up that C++ is a lovely language that starts to make you think about all sort of things (how programs work and the such like) but I personally wouldn't start with it. It would just be an unnecessary hurdle. (got for a 2nd or 3rd to play with though). I reccommend that you get at least a cursory understanding of all the layers you stand on top of when using python. Because the thing to remember with computers is they're actually doing an awful lot for a very small amount of python code.
From my own experince I can say that Python is great language to start with. It has nice starter tutorials. It may be difficult beacause code formatting is important for compiling. In college we started from Java. I can say, that it was hard but I learned very much and I quite a like Java and C#. Also you can try PHP. You already have some HTML and CSS experience so it is nice to continue with web development.
Assembly is amazing! I remember making a tic-tac-toe game, and having it run and work the first time. It was a good day. Assembly also teaches you about stacks and what not, it's really powerful.
Java and the book 'Java for everyone' by Cay Horstmann (I think most of the book is on Google books for free) that's where we started in college and it worked for us. The book assumes that you have no prior knowledge and builds up your competence through explaination-example-application. There might be better books out there or better languages to start with but this really worked for me and my entire class so I always recommend it. I wouldn't recommend starting with C++ either, I love C++ but it's not as easy as Java to pick up (that was the general consensus with my classmates anyway) Python is definitely beginner friendly too as many have mentioned, probably easier to get the hang of than Java but I think Java gives a good foundation for a lot of programming practices.
I will chime in and recommend "Building Java Programs" by Stuart Reges and Marty Stepp. It gets you going with the "procedural part" of Java and guides you into OOP. Well formulated with "bundled" video tutorials. It does however use JDK 7 and the choice of GUI platform is Swing and not JavaFX.
OP, lots of good advice has been posted. In my opinion before you decide on a language and spend lots of time learning it, perhaps you should first determine what it is that you want to do.
I wouldn't start learning C++ if I were you (some people seem to suggest that). I'd start with something like Ruby on http://codecademy.com . It's interactive and has really good explanation. Ruby is a modern language which can be used for lots of things (even web development with the popular Rails framework).
Python is alright too but in my experience Ruby gives you better fundamental skills as most of it (more than Python) is object oriented.
I would personally, get a feel for programming with python or ruby, and then throw yourself into C#/++ and also learn Java. Its dirty, but its language most Certs want. :<
When I started computer science classes at my college, we started learning C++/C which from what I've seen so far is pretty straight forward for the most part. The hardest part from what I've seen so far is pointer arithmetic, which is no fun. But from what I've gathered from my professor and a friend of my mom's, who just finished getting her PhD in Computer science, Python is the best way to go to start programming.