For long Term storage archiving data is better SSD, HDD 2.5", Pendrive, MicroSD card?
AFAIK in the enterprise they use tape drives when they have astronomical amounts of data, and I remember reading on here that SSDs if left unplugged for a very long time might lose their data. Pen drives and SD cards might prove unreliable, maybe redundant copies imo.
Other than that I don’t have advice for a particular choice other than to have enough backups
HDD is probably the best if you plan on simply writing the data then storing it for long term in a closet. It’s most likely to have data loss due to physical wear and tear such as general use, dropping them, etc. So unplugging it then storing in a closet will largely be fine.
SSD, pendrive, MicroSD will eventually degrade due to bit rot. Most manufacters will only guarantee no data loss on a SSD for about a year without power.
This is true, but largely impractical for home use as you would need to buy the hardware. But it is probably the most reliable for long term.
Everything but tape and optical discs requires being plugged in occasionally to keep them storing the data correctly. Even HDDs.
Best bet for real long term local storage is tape, optical media breaks down faster than they expected it to. Even then you probably need a controlled environment for storing the tape. Probably keep a copy online or in a data center.